Load Regulation
Load Regulation is the regulation of output voltage changes in case of load fluctuations. Especially in dynamic areas, the quality of a switched-mode power supply becomes apparent when it is necessary to keep the output voltage as constant as possible even during violent changes in the output current. Especially with very small loads or with minimum input voltage and full load, very strong overshoots or even dips can occur in extreme cases, which may even lead to malfunctions or damage. Load regulation should be within 1% for 12 V, as well as for the slave rails (5 V and 3.3 V).
Test | 12V | 5V | 3.3V | 5VSB | DC/AC (Watts) | Efficiency | Fan Speed (RPM) | PSU Noise (dB[A]) | Temps (In/Out) | PF/AC Volts |
10% | 6.508A | 1.969A | 1.97A | 0.995A | 99.969 | 89.893% | 384 | <6.0 | 40.34C | 0.967 |
12.044V | 5.078V | 3.35V | 5.025V | 111.215 | 44.44C | 114.85V | ||||
20% | 14.046A | 2.955A | 2.957A | 1.197A | 199.909 | 92.743% | 385 | <6.0 | 40.77C | 0.987 |
12.033V | 5.076V | 3.348V | 5.012V | 215.561 | 44.99C | 114.8V | ||||
30% | 21.940A | 3.451A | 3.455A | 1.401A | 299.952 | 93.374% | 388 | <6.0 | 41.37C | 0.993 |
12.029V | 5.071V | 3.343V | 4.995V | 321.238 | 45.99C | 114.78V | ||||
40% | 29.807A | 3.947A | 3.955A | 1.607A | 399.461 | 93.223% | 392 | <6.0 | 41.63C | 0.995 |
12.019V | 5.067V | 3.337V | 4.978V | 428.499 | 46.66C | 114.74V | ||||
50% | 37.368A | 4.939A | 4.953A | 1.814A | 499.195 | 92.889% | 417 | 10.4 | 42.37C | 0.996 |
12.007V | 5.062V | 3.332V | 4.962V | 537.405 | 47.87C | 114.7V | ||||
60% | 45.018A | 5.934A | 5.955A | 2A | 599.642 | 92.262% | 536 | 11.3 | 42.8C | 0.996 |
11.994V | 5.056V | 3.325V | 4.945V | 649.927 | 48.81C | 114.68V | ||||
70% | 52.606A | 6.931A | 6.961A | 2.233A | 699.473 | 91.59% | 671 | 16.2 | 43.29C | 0.996 |
11.983V | 5.051V | 3.319V | 4.927V | 763.708 | 50.31C | 114.63V | ||||
80% | 60.283A | 7.93A | 7.97A | 2.34A | 799.517 | 90.804% | 807 | 20.6 | 43.87C | 0.995 |
11.970V | 5.045V | 3.312V | 4.915V | 880.501 | 52.12C | 114.59V | ||||
90% | 68.305A | 8.432A | 8.469A | 2.448A | 899.303 | 89.931% | 1067 | 28.0 | 44.21C | 0.995 |
11.958V | 5.04V | 3.306V | 4.903V | 1000 | 53.26C | 114.55V | ||||
100% | 76.144A | 8.936A | 8.998A | 3.088A | 999.319 | 88.98% | 1485 | 39.6 | 45.30C | 0.994 |
11.947V | 5.036V | 3.301V | 4.858V | 1123.091 | 55.34C | 114.51V | ||||
110% | 83.931A | 9.939A | 10.108A | 3.091A | 1099.943 | 87.955% | 1864 | 44.2 | 46.52C | 0.993 |
11.934V | 5.031V | 3.294V | 4.854V | 1250.572 | 57.43C | 114.46V | ||||
CL1 | 0.116A | 14.912A | 14.884A | 0A | 126.3 | 85.406% | 775 | 22.0 | 41.74C | 0.978 |
12.086V | 5.05V | 3.332V | 5.096V | 147.881 | 47.23C | 114.83V | ||||
CL2 | 0.115A | 24.793A | 0A | 0A | 126.252 | 83.805% | 743 | 23.0 | 40.40C | 0.978 |
12.083V | 5.036V | 3.342V | 5.119V | 150.65 | 47.46C | 114.83V | ||||
CL3 | 0.113A | 0A | 24.853A | 0A | 83.883 | 79.666% | 652 | 15.8 | 40.01C | 0.965 |
12.204V | 5.062V | 3.32V | 5.057V | 105.293 | 49.05C | 114.84V | ||||
CL4 | 83.630A | 0A | 0A | 0A | 999.912 | 89.631% | 1201 | 31.7 | 45.70C | 0.994 |
11.956V | 5.049V | 3.305V | 5.03V | 1115.597 | 56.64C | 114.52V |
Load regulation doesn’t look quite as good in the following evaluations, mainly because of the strong competition. I’m satisfied with a deviation of 1%, which is the case at 5 V. Nevertheless, the power supply lands on the last place in this evaluation, and not only there. Well, it is also complaining on the very highest level. But it has to be noted.
Ripple Suppression (Ripple suppression)
The ripple suppression is decent.
Test | 12V | 5V | 3.3V | 5VSB | Pass/Fail |
10% Load | 19.5 mV | 9.1 mV | 9.6 mV | 10.2 mV | Pass |
20% Load | 38.3 mV | 9.9 mV | 10.4 mV | 10.6 mV | Pass |
30% Load | 43.2 mV | 10.3 mV | 12.2 mV | 11.6 mV | Pass |
40% Load | 34.6 mV | 20.0 mV | 30.0 mV | 20.0 mV | Pass |
50% Load | 17.8 mV | 12.1 mV | 13.9 mV | 13.6 mV | Pass |
60% Load | 14.3 mV | 11.9 mV | 14.5 mV | 11.9 mV | Pass |
70% Load | 15.5 mV | 12.0 mV | 14.9 mV | 13.3 mV | Pass |
80% Load | 17.3 mV | 13.0 mV | 16.8 mV | 14.4 mV | Pass |
90% Load | 18.3 mV | 13.9 mV | 20.4 mV | 14.2 mV | Pass |
100% Load | 26.4 mV | 16.7 mV | 21.3 mV | 18.5 mV | Pass |
110% Load | 27.8 mV | 17.1 mV | 26.7 mV | 18.9 mV | Pass |
Crossload 1 | 21.3 mV | 14.1 mV | 14.7 mV | 14.3 mV | Pass |
Crossload 2 | 15.9 mV | 19.5 mV | 14.6 mV | 12.9 mV | Pass |
Crossload 3 | 20.4 mV | 10.7 mV | 11.6 mV | 9.5 mV | Pass |
Crossload 4 | 26.0 mV | 15.2 mV | 20.4 mV | 17.0 mV | Pass |
Transient Response
Transient response is the amount of deviation in the output voltage as a result of a change in load. If the load changes, the power supply cannot immediately adjust to the new conditions and therefore either delivers too much or too little stored energy. Transient response is very good at 12V and 5VSB, good enough at 5V and satisfactory at 3.3V.
20% Load – 20ms
Voltage | Before | After | Change | Pass/Fail |
12V | 12.045V | 11.964V | 0.67% | Pass |
5V | 5.085V | 4.997V | 1.73% | Pass |
3.3V | 3.352V | 3.215V | 4.09% | Pass |
5VSB | 5.022V | 4.993V | 0.59% | Pass |
50% Load -20ms
Voltage | Before | After | Change | Pass/Fail |
12V | 12.017V | 11.939V | 0.65% | Pass |
5V | 5.075V | 4.984V | 1.79% | Pass |
3.3V | 3.340V | 3.207V | 3.98% | Pass |
5VSB | 4.978V | 4.921V | 1.15% | Pass |
Transient Response ATX v3.0 and 12VHPWR Connector Tests
The power supply passed all ATX v3.0 transient response tests with success.
The Dark Power 13 1000 achieves the second best performance in the 200% transient load test.
- 1 - Einführung, technische Daten und Testreport
- 2 - Unboxing, Kabel und Schutzschaltungen
- 3 - Teardown: Topologie, Komponenten, Verarbeitung
- 4 - Load Regulation, Ripple Suppression, Transient Resonse
- 5 - Hold-Up Time, Timings, Inrush-Current
- 6 - Average Efficiency and PF
- 7 - Betriebsgeräusch und Lüfter
- 8 - Zusammenfassung und Fazit
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